Water in Africa and Southern Africa

It is estimated that Africa has a population of 780 million and over
300 million people lack reasonable access to safe water and even more
lack adequate sanitation. But the continent varies greatly and in Libya
and Mauritius for example almost all the population have access to safe
water and sanitation.

There is plenty of water on the African continent and this water is
spread in large rivers and lakes such as the Congo, Nile and Zambezi
river basins, and in Lake Victoria, the second largest freshwater lake
in the world. The water is unevenly spread throughout the countries and
therefore, there is low availability of water many African countries.

Because the river systems are unevenly spread and political boundaries
make access to water and issue of political conflict many countries
draw water from the ground i.e. groundwater. Up to 80% of people and
animals get water from groundwater in Botswana and 40% in Namibia.
About 40-60% of the continents water for irrigation is lost due to
seepage and evaporation.

Millions of African people also, depend on Freshwater fisheries and
catch up to 1.4 million tonnes of fish. Egypt alone catches 14% of the
freshwater fish.

Water use in Africa is dominated by agriculture. It is estimated that
88% of the freshwater is used for agriculture. Water for domestic use
is 7% while industrial use is lowest in the world at 5%.

Industrial waste is still discharged without treatment into rivers and
lakes in most African countries, causing a major and persistent health
problem.

Is there a water scarcity in Africa or is there a problem of sharing
water amongst counties and ensuring that water use is managed properly?